| Chemical Information | |
| Antiviral agent ID | DrugRepV_7782 | |
| Antiviral agent name | Chloroquine |  |
| IUPAC Name | 4-N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1-N,1-N-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine |  |
| SMILES (canonical) | CCN(CC)CCCC(C)NC1=C2C=CC(=CC2=NC=C1)Cl | |
| Molecular Formula | C18H26ClN3 | |
| Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 319.9 | |
| InChl | InChI=1S/C18H26ClN3/c1-4-22(5-2)12-6-7-14(3)21-17-10-11-20-18-13-15(19)8-9-16(17)18/h8-11,13-14H,4-7,12H2,1-3H3,(H,20,21) | |
| Common Name | Chloroquine | |
| Synonyms | chloroquine|Aralen|54-05-7|Chlorochin|Chloraquine|Artrichin|Chloroquinium|Chloroquina|Reumachlor|Capquin|Chlorquin|Chemochin|Clorochina|Malaquin|Sopaquin|Quinoscan|Pfizerquine|Bipiquin|Bemasulph|Silbesan|Quinilon|Quinachlor|Klorokin|Heliopar|Gontochin|Chingamin|Sanoquin|Cidanchin|Benaquin|Arthrochin|Tresochin|Solprina|Quinercyl|Mesylith|Lapaquin|Iroquine|Dichinalex|Cocartrit|Malarex|Malaren|Trochin|Neochin|Amokin|Roquine|Imagon|Elestol|Bemaco|Siragan|Nivaquine B|Resoquine|Bemaphate|Nivaquine|Clo | |
| Structural Information | |
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| Clinical Information | |
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Category | Antiparasitic products, Insectisides and Repellents
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Primary Indication (Clinical trial phases) | Approved
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| Biological Information | |
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Primary Indication (Disease Category) | Infectious Disease
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Primary Indication (Disease) | Malaria
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Primary Indication (Drug target/Mode of Action) | Glypican 3 isoform 2
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Secondary Indication | SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 2 nCoV-2019BetaCoV/Wuhan/WIV04/2019 |   |
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Secondary Indication (Approaches) | Experimental | |
| Secondary Indication (Methods) | In-vitro | |
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Secondary Indication (Model system) [cell lines/ animal models] | Vero E6 cells
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Secondary Indication (Mode of viral infection) | Adsorption
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Secondary Indication (Viral titer) | 0.02 MOI
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Secondary Indication (Mode of drug delivery) | Culture
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Secondary Indication (Time of drug delivery) | Post infection
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Secondary Indication (Duration of drug delivery) | 48 hours
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Secondary Indication (Drug concentration) | 3.81 μM
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Secondary Indication (Cell based assay) | qRT-PCR
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Secondary Indication (Change) | Decrease
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Secondary Indication (Type of Inhibition) | EC50 [ 50 % ] | |
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Secondary Indication (Cytotoxicity) | 273.2 μM | |
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Reference | Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hu H, Li Y, Hu Z, Zhong W, Wang M..Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro..Cell Discov. 2020 Mar 18;6:16. doi: 10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0. PMCID: PMC7078228. PMID:32194981
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Comment | Both CQ and HCQ are weak bases that are known to elevate the pH of acidic intracellular organelles, such as endosomes/lysosomes, essential for membrane fusion
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